引用:
原帖由 家有顽儿 于 2008-6-8 22:46 发表 ![\"\"](\"http://www.ww123.net/baby/images/common/back.gif\")
谢谢！再问一下什么叫自然拼读？和国际音标有什么区别?
什么是自然拼读法 (Phonics)
借花献佛了！！
在美国上学的孩子们在一年级之前已经掌握自然拼读法了. 美国小孩都学自然拼读法, 中国也在往那个方向走, 几年之后, 应该都是自然拼读法了.
了解了自然拼读法的发音规则后, 看到一个新单词就能对它的读音猜个八九不离十, 而且有利于记住拼写.
自然拼读法从简到难的学习顺序为:
1. 二十六个字母的读音 (Letter Sounds).
l 其中五个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u)发两种音, 其中一个音是其字母本身的读音.
l y有时会被作为元音处理
n 单音节词, y在末尾, y发”I”的音(one syllable, y at the end (pronounced
as“i”)): my, why, fly, sky
n 多音节词, y在末尾, y发”E” 的音(two syllables, y at the end (pronounced
as “E”)): daddy, mommy, baby
2. 单元音单词拼读 (Consonant-Vowel-Consonant Combinations)
如： Sam, cat, mat, 等等．
l Beginning Consonants
l Ending Consonants
l One Vowel Word, Short Vowel Sounds
3. 双元音单词拼读(Two Vowel Words):
一个单词里有两个元音时， 前边一个元音发字母音， 后边一个元音不发音． 如： make, mail, may, hay, say, see, sea, five, tie, road, toe, cute等等．
4. 双/三辅音在一起时的联读 (Consonant Blends)
l Beginning consonant blends (bl, br, cl, cr, dr, fl, fr, gl, fr, pl, pr, sc, sk, sl, sm, sn,
sp, st, sw, tr, tw, scr, spl, str)
l Ending consonant blends (ft, lf, lm, lp, lt, mp, nd, nk, nt, pt, sk, st)
l Words ending in ll, ss, ff
l Consonant digraphs (ch, tch, sh, th, wh, shr, squ, thr)
5. 特殊读法(1) - 固定读音的单词(Sight Word):
the, a, is, to, have, are, hey, love 等.
6. 特殊读法(2) – 带元音的特殊读法(Irregular Vowels)
n 一个音节如只有一个元音, 且以此元音结尾， 这个元音发字母音 (vowel at the end)． 如： baby, me, hi, go, humor 等等
n air (hair), al, all (all, tall, mall, hall), alk (talk, walk), alt (halt, salt), ar (car, far), are (hare), au, augh (caught), aw (hawk)
n ew (new), eigh (eight, weight), ed (stopped, added)
n er (sister, brother), ir (girl, fir, firm), ur (burn, hurt), or(horn),
n ie (field), ing, ind (behind), ild (mild, wild), igh (high, night, might), ire
n oi (oil, boil), old (old, cold), olt, oo (book), oo (tool, school), or (or, horn),
ost (most, host), ou (could), ough (cough, through, ought, slough, plough),
ould (would, could), oy (boy), ought, , ous (famous),
ow (读音一：cow, now, how, bow； 读音二：bow, snow),
n ue (cruel), ui (fluid)
n tion (attention), sion (expression),
n ending sounds : ang, ong, ung, edge, le
7. 特殊读法(3) – 辅音的特殊读法
n 有一些辅音不发音 (silent consonants)．
如： ghost, comb, lamb, write 等
n "c" 和 "k" 在一起时， 发一个音: quick, black等.
n "q" 总是和"u"在一起：quite, quick, quit, quilt等.
n "p"和 "h"在一起, 发"f"的音: phone, photo.
n 复数s及末尾s的读音(Plural s and the sounds of ending s)
n c和g 的两种读音:
u 如果i(或y)或者 e 跟在c或者g的后边, c发”s”的音, g发”j”的音:
center, cigar, gem, giant, gym
u 其他情况下, c, g 发其字母音: can, clap, cup, great, glad.
8. 多音节单词和复合词 (Words with multiple syllables and compound words)
n 多音节单词: believe, multiple, syllable, compound
n 复合词: homework, highway.
