呵呵，才发现。谢谢考爸赐教！
我也被赶出来了。正好在这里发言。.

维基里有“高中”的条目（见http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_school）
其中介绍了三十多个地区或国家的情况：
Usage by country
1.1 Australia
1.2 Belgium and the Netherlands
1.3 Brazil
1.4 Canada
1.5 Czech Republic
1.6 Finland
1.7 France
1.8 Germany
1.9 India
1.10 Indonesia
1.11 Iran
1.12 Ireland, Republic of
1.13 Israel
1.14 Italy
1.15 Japan
1.16 Lithuania
1.17 Malaysia
1.18 Mexico
1.19 New Zealand
1.20 Norway
1.21 Pakistan
1.22 Palestine
1.23 People's Republic of China
1.24 Philippines
1.25 Romania
1.26 Singapore
1.27 Spain
1.28 South Africa
1.29 South Korea
1.30 Taiwan
1.31 United Kingdom
1.31.1 England & Wales
1.31.2 Scotland
1.31.3 Northern Ireland
1.32 United States

[ 本帖最后由 hxy007 于 2012-5-15 13:31 编辑 ].

• 引用:

  原帖由 家有考王 于 2012-5-15 13:38 发表
  看来既要为职业教育正名，也要普及普高知识。

  Main article: Secondary education in the United States
  
  Individual states, counties, and school districts have considerable leeway in how they choose to divide their school levels. Students will generally graduate from high school in the year of their 18th birthday if they were born between January 1 and August 31, but this varies by state depending on the kindergarten cut-off date, which ranges from August 1 in Missouri to January 1 in Connecticut.[5] A few American schools still incorporate grades 7 through 12, but it is usually either grades 9–12 or grades 10–12. Some states split grades 9–10 and 11–12 into a junior high school and senior high school. For purposes of the Grade Point Average (GPA) and subject requirements used for college admission, grade 9 is usually considered the first year of high school regardless of whether the student is in the last year of a 7–9 junior high program, or the first year of a 9–12 high school program.
  
  As a practical matter, while laws in most states mandate school attendance at least until graduation or age 16, many require attendance until age 17 or 18 (unless the student earns a diploma earlier, usually around age 16). Conversely, students who have failed a grade may remain in high school past the age of 18. In general, students over 19 attend remedial classes to receive a high school diploma or General Educational Development (GED) certificate. State laws vary on the cut-off age for students to receive free public education services. Many states have adult high schools for people generally 18 and over. Students can stay in high school past the age of 18 if it is deemed appropriate. They cannot stay past a certain age depending on the state. On average, 71% of American students graduate from high school.[6][7][8][9] A high school diploma or GED certificate is usually required for entrance into a two or four-year college or university and to other post-secondary education programs.
  
  High schools can usually be sub-classed as general high schools, vocational schools (VoTech schools), magnet schools, and college preparatory high schools (prep schools) and special high schools or alternative high schools. Most high schools are general high schools. These general population schools offer college preparatory classes for advanced students, general education classes for average students, and remedial courses for those who are struggling.
  
  
  West Orange-Stark High School, a college preparatory high school in TexasIn some school districts exceptionally high-performing students are offered enrollment at a district college preparatory high school. Traditionally "prep schools" in North America were usually private institutions, though most medium or large public (state) school districts now offer university-preparatory schools for advanced students. Public prep schools draw the top students from their district and have strict entrance requirements. All academic classes offered in these schools are classified as honors, International Baccalaureate, or Advanced Placement.
  
  In larger school districts, magnet schools are established to provide enhanced curriculum for one or more areas of study. Magnet schools may be created for a variety of topics such as mathematics, science, fine arts, and music. Admission (usually controlled) to magnet schools varies by school district in order to manage demand and resources. The school admission process may range from competitive admission standards to a lottery system.
  
  Vocational high schools offer hands-on training to students that prepares them for careers in fields such as information technology, marketing, business, engineering and the medical professions. While some graduates of vocational or career and technical education high schools will go directly into a trade, others will pursue post-secondary education. The Association for Career and Technical Education is the largest national education association dedicated to career and technical education.
  
  Special high schools cater for students who have special educational needs, e.g. because of learning difficulties or physical disabilities. Some special high schools are offered for students who have major disciplinary or mental health difficulties that make it problematic to educate them in traditional high school settings. Some special high schools are assigned as security risks, where the school houses students who are not yet old enough to legally leave school and are considered a danger to other students or teachers, but have not been convicted of a crime. Some special high schools are dedicated to students with drug or mental health difficulties and have medical and psychological staff on site. A few of these schools include a nursery and a child care staff so that teen parents can finish their education without having to find child care during the school day. Special high schools have their own campus, but sometimes are located in a section or wing of a general high school.
  
  Another recent form of high school that has emerged is the online high school. Stanford University's own Education Program for Gifted Youth received a generous donation in 2006 and used it to create the first truly complete online high school, with an interactive and advanced program for advanced learners.
  
  High school in the United States usually begins in late August or early September of each year and ends in late May or early June. During the excess two and a half months, the students are given summer vacation to rest from the school year. In some cases schools use a year round schedule.
  
  
  
  
  • 9th Grade – Freshman Year Starting at 13 to 15 years of age
    
  • 10th Grade – Sophomore Year Starting at 14 to 16 years of age
    
  • 11th Grade – Junior Year Starting at 15 to 17 years of age
    
  • 12th Grade – Senior Year Starting at 16 to 18 years of age (This would make a student graduate 16, 17, 18, 19, or, in some cases, 20 years of age.)
    
  
  The first public high school in America was established by the City of Boston in 1821 as The English High School..

引用:

原帖由 hxy007 于 2012-5-15 15:04 发表
High schools can usually be sub-classed as general high schools, vocational schools (VoTech schools), magnet schools, and college preparatory high schools (prep schools) and special high schools or alternative high schools.

美国的高中非常多样，包括
（1）普通高中（general high schools）
（2）职业学校或职业技术学校（vocational schools / VoTech schools)
（3）磁石学校或特色高中（magnet schools）
（4）大学预备高中或预备学校（college preparatory high schools / prep schools）
（5）特殊高中或选择性高中（special high schools or alternative high schools）
其实还有第6类——综合高中（comprehensive high schools）.

根据http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sec ... n_France#Lyc.C3.A9e

　　法国的中等教育像多数国家一样分成初级和高级两段，其中，承担初级中等教育的学校叫collège，类似于我们的初级中学；承担高级中等教育的学校叫lycée，类似我们的高级中学。

　　法国的高级中学分成普通高中（lycée général）、技术高中（lycée technologique）和职业高中（lycée professionnel）三个类型。普通高中和技术高中，学制都是三年，前者主要为学生进入学术型大学（Université）接受高等教育作准备，后者主要为学生进入应用型大学（Écoles）接受高等教育作准备。高三结业后，学生参加全国会考，会考通过者可获得业士文凭（baccalauréat）。取得业士文凭者可直接就业，也可直接到大学注册入学。职业高中，学制二至四年，主要培养具有较高素质的工人和技术员，学生毕业获得职业证书之后可以直接就业，也可以继续学习两年后通过职业高中会考进入高校。

　　法国初中生毕业时有一次分流——以自我志愿、官方评估和专家咨询结合的方式，把毕业生分流到普通高中、技术高中和职业高中。但是，法国的义务教育到高一（Seconde）结束，因此高一还是实施面向全体学生的共同课程。高一结束时，普通高中和技术高中学的学生又一次分流，进入不同的普通课程系列，同时选修不同的技术课程。

　　高二（Première）、高三（Terminale）的普通课程，按照业士文凭会考的要求，分成三个系列：
　　（1）理科系列（série S, scientifique），对数学、物理、化学要求高，数学尤其权重大；
　　（2）经济与社会科系列（série ES, économique et social），兼顾文科和经济学课程，学生必须参加经济学和社会科学考试；
　　（3）文科系列（série L，littéraire），侧重于法语、法国文学、外语、外国文学、哲学、历史、地理，学生必须考1～3门现代语，也可以选考拉丁语或古希腊语。

　　普通高中和技术高中按照业士文凭会考的要求，同时提供8个系列的技术课程（séries technologiques）让高二高三学生选修：
　　（1）服务科学与技术（sciences et technologies tertiaires, STT)
　　（2）工业科学与技术（sciences et technologies industrielles, STI)
　　（3）实验室科学与技术（Laboratory Science and Technologies, STL)
　　（4）卫生与社会中的科学与技术（Sciences et technologies de la santé et du social, ST2S)
　　（5）食品科学与技术（sciences et technologies du produit agroalimentaire, STPA)
　　（6）农业与环境的科学与技术（sciences et technologies de l'agronomie et de l'environnement, STAE)
　　（7）音乐与舞蹈技术（techniques de la musique et de la danse, TMD)
　　（8）旅馆业（hôtellerie）

[ 本帖最后由 hxy007 于 2012-5-15 19:06 编辑 ].